PROCESS FOR PREPARING ALTERNATING COPOLYMER OF BUTADIENE AND alpha -OLEFINE AND NOVEL ALTERNATING COPOLYMER OF BUTADIENE AND alpha -OLEFINE CONTAINING CIS-CONFIGURATION BUTADIENE UNIT

ABSTRACT

A process for preparing alternating copolymer of butadiene and Alpha -olefine which comprises contacting butadiene and the Alpha -olefine in liquid phase with a catalyst system comprising the first component of AlR3 wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radical in which at least one R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having at least 3 carbon atoms per one molecule, aryl and cycloalkyl radical and the second component of TiX&#39;&#39;4 wherein X&#39;&#39; is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine, or a catalyst system comprising the first component of AlR3 wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radical, the second component of TiX&#39;&#39;4 wherein X&#39;&#39; is the same as that defined above and the third component of a carbonyl group-containing compound. An alternating copolymer of butadiene and Alpha -olefine, the microstructure of butadiene unit of the alternating copolymer contains cis-configuration. The alternating copolymers and rubber-like in character and can be used as polymeric plasticizers, in adhesives and can be vulcanized with sulfur or a sulfur compound to produce vulcanized elastomers.

0 vUmted States Patent 11 1 1111 3,714,133

Kawasaki et a1. [451 Jan. 30,1973

541 PROCESS FOR PREPARING 3,210,332 10/1965 Lyons et a1 ..260/93.7 ALTERNATING COPOLYMER OF 3,462,406 8/1969 Natta et a1 1 ..260/94.3 222922 21222 231225121111 552121 511 3,652,519 3/1972 Kawasaki et a1 ..260/85.3 R a- E CONTAINING ClS-CONFIGURATION Primary Examiner.lames A. Seidleck BUTADIENE UNIT Assistant Examiner-A. Holler A l h' [75] Inventors: Akihiro Kawasaki; Isao Maruyama, Home) F ynn & Fns duf both of lch1hara-sh1, Japan [57] ABSTRACT [73] Asslgnee: g t lfetmchemlcal A' process for preparing alternating copolymer of bu- 0 Jdpm tadiene and a-olefine which comprises contacting bu- [22] Filed: May 8, 1970 tadiene and the a-olefine in liquid phase with a catalyst system comprising the first component of [21] 35637 AlR wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and [30] F i A li i p i i D m cycloalkyl radical in which at least one R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having at least 3 May 13, 1969 Japan ..44/36161 carbon atoms per one l l aryl and cycloalkyl July 16,1969 Japan ..44/55768 radical and the Second component of TiX'fi1 wherein July 24, 1969 Japan .44/58030 is Selected from the group Consisting of Chlorine 1969 Japan -44/62O09 bromine and iodine, or a catalyst system comprising 1969 Japan -44/99375 v the first component of AlR wherein R represents a Dec. 12, 1969 Japan ..44/99376 hydmcarb0n radica| Selected from the group consist ing of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radical, the second [52] 1.1.5. C1. ..260/84.l, 260/328 A, 260/332 R, Component f wherein is the Same as that 260/795 260/795 260/837 260/853 defined above and the third component of a carbonyl R, 260/853 C, 260/88-2 E group-containing compoundv An alternating [51] f "Cost 1/42 Cogf 15/04 Cosf 19/08 copolymer of butadiene and a-olefine, the microstruc- [58] Fleld of Search ..260/82.l, 85.3, 84.1, 83.7 tut-e f butadiene unit of the alternating copo|ymer contains cis-configuration. The alternating copolymers [56] References cued and rubber-like in character and can be used as UNITED STATES PATENTS polymerioplasticizers, in adhesives and can be vulcan1zed w1th sulfur or a sulfur compound to produce 3,317,496 5/1967 Natta et a1 ..260/88.2 vulcanized elastomers. 3,470,144 9/1969 Minekawa et al 260/853 3,506,632 4/1970 Henderson 260/853 8 Cl ims, 10 Drawing Figures PATENIEDJAH30 I913 3.714.133

SHEET 10F 5 3500' 2500' 000' I700 1500' 1300' 1100' 900' 700 3000 2000 I800 I600 1400 1200 I000 800 cm PATENTEDJ I 3,714,133

. SHEET 2 BF 5 3500' 2500' 1900' I700 0' 1300' M00 900 700 3000 2000 I800 I60 I400 1200 I000 000 I PATENTEDJAISO. I973 SHEET u 0F 5 3. 7 1 4, 133

35002500 1900' I700 600-1300 H00 900 700 30002000000 I600 I400 |200|000800 PATENTEDJAHSO I973 3.714.133 SHEET 5 OF 5 3500 2500' 1900' 1700' I5 I300 I100 900' 700 30002000 I800 I600 00 :200 1000 800 I PROCESS FOR PREPARING ALTERNATING COPOLYMER F BUTADIENE AND a-OLEFINE AND NOVEL ALTERNATING COPOLYMER OF BUTADIENE AND a-OLEFINE CONTAINING CIS- CONFIGURATION BUTADIENE UNIT RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is related to applications Ser. Nos. 884,479 and 884,871, filed Dec. 12 and 15, 1969, respectively.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process for preparing an alternating copolymer of butadiene and aolefine and a novel alternating copolymer obtained thereby. The novel alternating copolymer of this invention contains considerable amounts of cis-configuration butadiene unit.

2. Description of the Prior Art Because of its chipping and cutting properties and its low skid resistance, the demand for cis-1.4 polybutadiene in the field of automobile tires is not so large as was expected at first. The defects have been ascribed to its unbranched straight-chain structure. In order to overcome these defects, many attempts have been made to produce alternating copolymers of butadiene and a-olefine, for example, butadiene and propylene, butadiene and l-butene, etc. However, in general, it is not easy. to produce even a random copolymer of butadiene and a-olefine by an ionic catalyst.

For instance, German Pat. No. 1,173,254 claims a process for preparing a copolymer of conjugated diene and mono-olefine using vanadium (V) oxychloride as the catalyst, but the examples do not show a copolymerization reaction of butadiene and propylene. German Pat. No. 1,144,924 claims a process for preparing a copolymer of diene and ethylene or propylene by using a catalyst system consisting of a compound of Ti, Zr, Ce, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, M0 or W in which the metal is at least in part below a valency of 3. This patent shows the copolymerization reaction of butadiene and ethylene by titanium tetrachloride-lithiumaluminum hydride, titanium tetrachloride-phenylmagnesium bromide, titanium tetrachloride-sodium dispersion, zirconium tetrachloride-tintetrabutyl and tetraoctyltitanatephenylmagnesium bromide catalyst systems in its examples, but a process for preparing a copolymer of butadiene and propylene is not shown. Belgian Pat. No. 625,657 also describes a process for preparing coand ter-polymers of butadiene with ethylene and(or) a-olefines by using a catalyst system containing a hydrocarbon-soluble vanadium compound and an organoaluminum compound containing more than one organic group having strong sterical hindrance, e.g., S-methyl-butyl, cycloalkyl or cyclopenthyl methyl, and it claims a process for preparing ethylenepropylene-butadiene terpolymer. However, no example of butadiene-propylene copolymer is shown in it.

On the other hand, British Pat. No. 1,108,630 shows a process for preparing a rubbery random copolymer of butadiene and propylene of high molecular weight with high content of propylene by using a three components catalyst system consisting of trialkylaluminum, iodine and a compound having the general formula of TiBr Cl wherein n is zero or an integer of l to 4. The

microstructure of butadiene unit and the content of propylene unit in the copolymer are shown in the patent. But there are shown no experimental results which support the assumption which the copolymer should be a random copolymer of butadiene and propylene. A random copolymer of butadiene and propylene was also prepared by using a catalyst system consisting of triethylaluminum, titanium tetrachloride and polypropylene oxide. Polypropylene oxide was used as a randomizer and therefore a copolymer of butadiene and propylene prepared by the catalyst system of triethylaluminum and titanium tetrachloride was shown to be block-type. The molar ratio of triethylaluminum to titanium tetrachloride was 1.08 (Al/Ti 1.08) (paperpresented at 2nd Symposium on Polymer Synthesis, Tokyo, Oct. 5, 1968, The Society of Polymer Science, Japan). British Pat. No. l.026,615 claims a process for preparing a random copolymer of hutadiene and propylene by forming a catalyst system of triethylaluminum and titanium tetrachloride in the presence of propylene, and then adding butadiene to the catalyst system. According to the patent, the propylene content of the copolymer was much higher than that of the copolymer prepared by the catalyst formed after the monomers were mixed. This result is inconsistent with the result described in the above paper. A copolymerization reaction of butadiene and propylene was also carried out by using a catalyst system of triethylaluminum and titanium tetrachloride prepared in propylene and the product was confirmed, by fractional precipitation test, to be a copolymer of butadiene and propylene (Chemistry of High Polymers, The Society of Polymer Science, Japan, 20, 461 (1963)). The molar ratio of triethylaluminum to titanium tetrachloride of the above catalyst system was 1.5 (Al/Ti 1.5 The content of this paper corresponds to that of the above British Patent, but there is no description in it showing that the copolymer should be a random copolymer of butadiene and propylene.

According to the methods of British Pat. 'No. 982,708, a mixture containing -95 mole percent butadiene, the rest being 4-methyl-l-pentene, is polymerized at a temperature in the range 0 to 30C by a catalyst system which is the reaction product of vanadium (V) oxychloride with triisobutylaluminum, an aluminum-dialkyl monochloride or an aluminum sesquialkyl chloride. The microstructure of the copolymer is not shown in the patent. British Pat. No. 924,654 describes a process for preparing a copolymer of butadiene and propylene by using an Alfin catalyst. The copolymer showed a characteristic infrared absorption band at 11.95 microns. It was ascribed to tri-substituted ethylene structure. Therefore, the result does not support the assumption that the copolymer should be a random or alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene.

Recently, Furukawa et. al. also reported the process of preparing alternating copolymers of butadiene and a-olefine by using vanadyl (V) chloride-diethylaluminum monochloride-triethylaluminum catalyst system (22nd Annual Meeting of Japan Chemical Society, Tokyo, Mar. 31, 1969). However, the molecular weight of the copolymer was very low and its intrinsic viscosity did not exceed 0.1 dl/,.

Consequently, as far as the inventors known, with the exception of the methods of Furukawa et. al. described above, there is no prior art in connection with alternating copolymers of butadiene and a-olefine nor of a process for their preparation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide new catalytic systems giving high molecular weight alternating copolym er of butadiene and a-olefine in high yield.

In accordance with this invention, we have found that by using the catalyst system composed of the first component of an organoaluminum compound having the general formula of AlR wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radicals and at least one R is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl radical having at least 3 carbon atoms, aryl radical and cycloalkyl radical and the second component of titanium tetrahalide having the general formula of TiX' (wherein X' represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, hereinafter the same) or by using the catalyst system composed of the first component of AlR wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radicals, the second component of TiX (wherein X is the same as that defined above) and the third component of a carbonyl group-containing compound, high molecular weight alternating copolymers of butadiene and aolefine can be produced in high yield. We have also found that by adding halogen (fluorine inclusive), halogen (fluorine inclusive) containing compound, metal oxide or metalloid oxide to the above mentioned catalyst systems, the catalytic properties of the above mentioned catalysts can be further improved.

The alternating copolymers of this invention are rubber-like in character and can be used as polymeric plasticizers, in adhesives and can be vulcanized with sulfur or a sulfur compound to produce vulcanized elastomers.

The microstructure of butadiene unit of the alternating copolymer of butadiene and a-olefine prepared by the methods of Furukawa et. al. described above was trans 1.4-configuration. The main components forming the catalyst systems were an organoaluminum compound and a vanadium compound. On the other hand the main components forming the catalyst systems of this invention are an organoaluminum compound and a titanium compound and moreoverconsiderable amounts of cis l.4-conf|guration and small amounts of 1.2-configuration are found in the butadiene unit of the alternating copolymer. In other words the structure of the alternating copolymer prepared by the catalyst system of an organoaluminum compound and a vanadium compound previously reported is different from that of the alternating copolymer prepared by the catalyst system of an organoaluminum compound and a titanium compound of this invention. Therefore the alternating copolymers of butadiene and a-olefine prepared by the process of this invention are new materials.

The carbonyl group containing compound which form the third component of the catalyst system of this invention are carbon dioxide, aldehyde, ketoaldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, keto-carboxylic acid, oxy-carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid halide, keto-carboxylic acid halide, oxy-carboxylic acid halide, carboxylic acid anhydride, keto-carboxylic acid anhydride, oxy-carboxylic acid anhydride, salt of carboxylic acid, salt of keto-carboxylic acid, salt of oxy-carboxylic acid, ester of carboxylic acid, ester of keto-carboxylic acid, ester of oxy-carboxylic acid, carbonyl halide, carbonate, carbonic ester, lactone, ketene, quinone, acyl peroxide, metal complex involving carbonyl group, acid amide, acid imide, isocyanate, aminoacid, urein, ureide, salt of carbamic acid, ester of carbamic acid, ureide acid, etc.

The halogen used as the other third component of the catalyst system of this invention is chlorine, bromine iodine or fluorine. The halogen compounds which form the other third component of the catalyst system of this invention are the compounds having transition metal-X linkage (X is halogen) such as compounds having the general formulas VX,, VOX WX MoX CrO X ZrX,, FeX OV(OR),,X;, (R is a hydrocarbon radical such as alkyl radical, aryl radical or cycloalkyl radical, hereinafter the same, and n is a number from 1 to 2), Zr(OR),X Ti(OR),,X (n is a number from 1 to 3), Zr(OR) X, OV(C l-l-,O,),,X n (n is a number from 1 to 2), V(C=,H ),,X (n is a number from 1 to 2), V(C H X, OV(C H,,)X,, Ti(C H -,),X, Ti (Cd-LOX, Ti(C5l-l X2, (C5H )Ti(OR)X2, (C5H5)2CrX, (C H )MO(CO) X, (C H ),IrX etc.; and alkane compounds having CX linkage wherein X is halogen such as tert-butyl chloride, tert-butyl bromide, tert-butyl iodide, sec-butyl chloride, sec-butyl bromide, sec-butyl iodide, carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrabromide, carbon tetraiodide, etc.; Lewis acid-base complex compounds which formed from halogen compounds showing Lewis acid property such as compounds of the general formulas H,X (wherein X is halogen, hereinafter the same), CuX, ZnX BiX FeX SnX 3X AlX AlR,,X (R is a hydrocarbon radical such as alkyl radical, aryl radical or cycloalkyl radical, hereinafter the same, and n is a number from 1 to 2), VOX VX,, CrO X NiX MoX,,, ZrX PX SbX AlOX, WX MnX MgX and the like. Lewis base such as ether, pyridine, amine, phosphine, derivatives of these compounds, etc. are also employed. The halogen compounds which form the fourth component of the catalyst system of this invention are the ones showing Lewis acid property such as compounds of the general formulas VX, (wherein X is halogen, hereinafter the same), VOX WX,, MoX CrO,X,, ZrX Fex BX PX, SnX SbX AlOX, AlX AlR,,X (R is a hydrocarbon radical such as alkyl radical, aryl radical or cycloalkyl radical and n is a number from 1 to 2), WX CuX, MnX,, Mgx ZnX HgX,, BiX NiX etc.; Lewis base complex compounds of the above mentioned halogen compounds showing Lewis acid property such as compounds of the general formulas AlX -O(C H BX -O(C,H,,),, ZnX -Py (wherein Py represents pyridine, hereinafter the same), a- 2 5)2i r y; a 2 s)b HgX,-Py, etc.; organoaluminum compounds having Al-X linkage such as compounds of Al(OR),.X:, (n is a number from i to 2), etc., organotransition metal compounds having transition metal-X linkage such as compounds of the general formulas OV(OR),,X,, (n is a number from I to 2), Ti(0R),,X, (n is a number from 1 to 3), Zr(OR),X,, Zr(OR),X, OV(C,H 0,),,X,

n (n is a number from 1 to 2), V(C5H5)n 4-n (n is a number from 1 to 2), V(C H5)2X, OV(C5I-I5)X2C2, T s s) 5 s) a, 5 5)2X2, (C H )Ti 2, sH5)zCI'X, s 5) )s i sH)2 lrX etc.; halogenated alkane compounds such as tertbutyl halide, sec-butyl halide, carbon tetrahalide, etc. The metal oxide or metalloid oxide which form the other fourth component of the catalyst system of the present invention are magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide vanadium pentoxide, silicon dioxide, silica-alumina, zeolite, boron trioxide, etc.

In the preferred embodiment, the molar ratio of organoaluminum compound which forms the first component of the catalyst system of the present invention to titanium tetrahalide which forms the second component of the catalyst system should be higher than 1.5 (Al/Ti 1.5).

The olefine should be one having the general formula:

CH =CHR' (in this formula, R may be a normal chain or branched chain lower alkyl group or a phenyl group).

The preparation of the alternating copolymer of butadiene and a-olefine is carried out by contacting butadiene with a-olefine in liquid phase in the presence of the catalyst system described above. The copolymerization reaction is generally carried out in the presence of a liquid organic diluent. A suitable diluent that can be used for the copolymerization reaction is a hydrocarbon compound, such as heptane, 0ctane, isooctane, benzene or toluene. The temperature of the copolymerization reaction may be varied from -100C to 50C and sufficient pressure is employed to keep the monomers in liquid phase. The molar ratio of butadiene to a-olefine in the initial monomer composition may be from :80 to 80:20 and more preferably is 50:50.

At the completion of the copolymerization reaction, the product is precipitated and deashed by using a methanol-hydrochloric acid mixture. The precipitated product is washed with methanol for several times and dried under vacuum. Thereafter the product is extracted with methyl ethyl ketone and diethyl ether successively. The methyl ethyl ketone soluble fraction is a low molecular weight alternating copolymer and methyl ethyl ketone in soluble and diethyl ether soluble fraction is a high molecular weight alternating copolymer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene prepared by the process of this invention;

FIG. 2 shows the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the copolymer;

FIG. 3 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and 4-methyl pentene-l prepared by the process of this invention;

FIG. 4 shows the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the copolymer;

FIG. 5 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and pentene-l prepared by the process of this invention;

FIG. 6 shows the nuclear magnetic resonance spec-' DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention will be illustrated with reference to the following Examples.

EXAMPLE 1 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 6.5 milliliters toluene, 0.50 millimole carbonyl group containing compound and 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 1. As can be seen in Table l, the yield of high molecular weight alternating copolymer increased by using three components catalyst system.

The following results support the conclusion that the copolymer is an alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene.

l. The composition of the copolymer accordance to the NMR analysis substantially agrees with the calculated value for the 1:1 copolymer of butadiene and propylene. Copolymer compositions were determined by measuring the ratioof peak area at 4.65 r of butadiene unit to that of doublet at 9.1 lp and 9.20p of propylene unit.

reaction 2. The copolymerization gives l:l copolymer over a wide range of initial monomer composition.

3. The copolymerization reaction gives lzl copolymer independently of polymerization time.

4. The l,l55 cm" band of propylene homopolymer is not shown in its infra-red spectrum. This means at least that the length of the propylene-propylene repeating unit of the copolymer is not so long as to be detected by its infra-red spectrum.

i TABLE 1 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction Mlcrostructure of Catalysts MEK butadiene unit,

soluble percent Experiment Al(i-Bu)a T1014, fraction Yield number (mmol.) mmol. Carbonyl compound (mmol.) (g) (g.) Trans Cis- 1. 2-

2. 0. 2 2-ehlor0ethyl benzoate 0. 50 0. 05 0. 05 2.0 0.2 Benzophencne 0. 50 0. 23 0. 57 2.0 0.2 Isobutyl aldehyde 0. 50 0.20 0. 57 2.0 0.2 Benzoyl chloride 0.50 0 25 0.28 2. 0 0. 2 Isobutyric acid 0. 50 0 42 1. 39 2.0 0.2 Benzoic acid 0. 50 0 14 0.61 2.0 0.2 Monoehloroacetic acid... 0 50 0 17 0.29 2.0 0.2 Malelc acid anhydride... 0 50 0 16 0.82 2.0 0. 2 0.03

EXAMPLE 2 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low tem- The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 6.5 milliliters toluene, 0.50 millimole carbonyl group containing compound and 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triethylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a 20 mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at C. for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction Catalysts Microstrueture oi MEK butadiene unit, soluble percent Experiment AlEta, TiCli, fraction Yield number mmol. mmol. Carbonyl compound (g.) (g.) Trans- 015- 1. 2-

1 2.0 0.2 Maleic acid anhydride, 0.05 0,11 0.11 57 30 13 grams. 2 2. 0 0. 2 Propionic acid, ml 0. 037 0.21 0. 21 70 25 5 Ref 2. 0 0. 2 0 0 perature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobu- Example 4 tylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 15C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 2.

The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 3.5 milliliters toluene, 0.12 milliliter acetic acid anhydride and 0.5 millimole titanium tetrabromide were put in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for l0 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and TABLE 2 Catalysts Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction Mlcrostructure of MEK butadiene unit soluble percent Experiment Al(i-Bu); TiCli, fraction Yield number (mmol.) mmol Carbonyl compound (mmol.) (g.) Trans- Cis- 1,2.

2. 0 0. 2 Dicthyl malonatc 0 35 0.12 74 21 i 2. 0 0. 2 Ethyl acctatc. 0.30 0. 56 00 28 12 2. 0 0. 2 Acetone 0. 02 (l. 42 (i5 28 7 2. 0 O. 2 licnzaldchyi (l. 21 0. 18 57 35 8 2.0 0.2 Acetic acid unhy 0 17 1.85 64 30 0 2, 0 0. 2 (l. 07

Example 3 5.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 6.5 milliliters toluene, varying amounts of carbonyl group containing compound and 0.2 milliliter titanium 65 tetrachloride solution in a toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 14 hours. Yield of the methyl ethyl ketone soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.13 g and that of methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 1.67 g. When the two components catalyst system consisting of 0.5 millimole titanium tetrabromide and 5.0 millimoles triisobutylaluminum was used and the other copolymerization condition were the same as the Example, yield of the methyl ethyl ketone soluble fraction was 0.07 g and that of methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble fraction was 0.03 g.

Example 5 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and toluene (1 molar solution) and 6.5 milliliters toluene were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at -30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 4.

Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction Microstrueturo of Catalysts butadiene unit,

Expcri- M E percent ment Aid-Bu); 'liClt, soluble Yield number (mmo1.) mmoi. Carbonyl compound (g.) fraction (g.) (g.) 'lrans- Cis- 1 2. 0 0. 2 Sodium oleate 0.152 0. 01 0. 2. 0 0. 2 Aluminum stearatc (l. 438 0. 50 1. 30 63 30 7 2. 0 0. 2 Aluminum acetate 0. 102 0. 01 0. 20 75 20 5 2. 0 0. 2 Tin (II) oxalate 0.103 0. 05 0.15 74 21 5 2. O U. 2 Aluminum acetylacetonate 0.162 0.05 0.22 82 15 3 2. 0 0. 2 Hexacarbonyl molybdenum 0. 132 0.05 0. 15 83 14 3 2. 0 0. 2 0. 03

3 .5 milliliters toluene, 0.12 milliliter rsobutyric acid Example 7 and 0.5 millimole titanium tetraiodide were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 5.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene, were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 14 hours. Yield of the alternating copolymer was 0.10 g. When the two components catalyst system consisting of 0.5 millimole titanium tetraiodide and 5.0 millimoles triisobutylaluminum was used and the other copolymerization conditions were the same as the Example, yield of the alternating copolymer was 0.01 g.

Example 6 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and varying amounts of carbonyl group containing compound, 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 6.5 milliliters toluene, varying amounts of carbonyl group containing compound and 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78milliliters C and 2.0 mihliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 5. In the table, 1 means the intrinsic viscocity measured in chloroform at 30C. FIG. 1 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene prepared by the process of Exp. No. 3. FIG. 2 shows the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the copolymer.

TABLE 5 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble. diethyl ether soluble fraction Microstructure Catalysts MEK of butadiene unit,

soluble percent Experiment Al(l-Bu).1 'IiCil iraction Yield (It) number (mn1ol.) (inmoL) Carbonyl compound (11111101.) (g.) (g.) (dl./g.) 'Irans- 015- 1.2-

2. 0 0. 2 Acetic acid 0. 025 0. 10 0. 08 38 7 2.0 0.2 (l0. 0.100 0.28 0.21 G7 24 ,I 2. 0 0.2 do 0.600 0.30 0.79 60 20 5 2,0 do 0.750 0.13 0.11) G6 28 6 2. 0 0. 2 Isobutyl aldehyde 0. 250 0. 26 0. 23 72 22 (l 2. 0 0. 2 (lo 0. 750 0. 17 0. 44 0. 50 05 26 ii 2.0 0.2 (.l0 1.000 0.03 0.20 60. 32 8 2. 0 0. 2 Acetone 0. 750 0. 10 0. 24 09 25 ii 2. 0 0. 2 Benzoyi eroxlde 0. 500 0. 11 0.20 1. 4O 50 38 12 2.0 0. 2 Dipheny acetic aci 0.500 0.21 1. 69 0.45 70 24 6 6.0 0. 2 a-chloropropionie acid.. 0.500 0.14 0. 94 0.36 62 28 10 2. 0 0. 2 Caproic acid .500 0.52 0. 69 0. 33 59 33 8 2. 0 O. 2 Phthaiic acid anhydride. 0.500 0. 17 0. 44 0. 73 10 8 Example 8 group containing compound and 0.2 milliliter titanium The usual, dry, air-free technique was employ d d tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) 190 milliliters toluene, 0.8 milliliter propionic acid anwere put successively in a as milliliters glass bottle at hydride and 0.275 milliliter titanium tetrachloride were 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 put successively in a 500 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low tem- Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for minutes. perature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobu- Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature tylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and bath at -78C and milliliters triisobutylaluminum a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put suc- 50 milliliters liquid propylene and 50 milliliters liquid cessively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, butadiene were put successively into the bottle also emair-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and ploying the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter allowed to copolymerize at C for 16 hours. The the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at results are summarized in Table 6.

' TABLE '6 Catalysts Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction TrEkTEEEM MEK butadiene unit, Experisoluble percent number (mmol.) mniol. Carbonyl compound (g.) (g.) Trans- Cis- 1.2

Phenylurethune (g.) 83 Benxohydroxamlc acid (g.) 0.07

-30C for 42 hours. 58.0 g alternating copolymer of Example 10 butadiene and propylene was obtained. its intrinsic viscosity was 2.26 (dl/g) in chloroform at 30C. The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and The vulcanization was carried out in the following 30 7.5 milliliters toluene, 0.1 millimole titanium way: tetrachloride and varying amounts of carbonyl group 100 parts ofcopolymer, containing compound were put successively in a 25 50 Parts Ofoil furnace black milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left 5 parts of zinc oxide, alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was 2 parts of sulphur, held in a low temperature bath at 78C and varying 1 part of stearic acid, amounts of triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 lpart ofphenyl-fl-naphthyl amine and molar solution) and a 'mixture of 2 milliliters liquid 1 part of benzothiazyl disulfide propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters were mixed on a roller and vulcanized within 60 toluene were put successively into the bottle also emminutes at 150C. ploying the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter The product obtained by the vulcanization had the the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at following values: 30C. for 21 hours. The results are summarized in elongation at break at 25C: 330% Table 7.

TABLE 7 Alternating copoiymer Microstructure of Catalysts butadiene unit,

percent Experiment Aid-Bu): 'IiCli Yield number mmol.) (mmol.) Carbonyl compound (g) Trans- 015- 1.2-

1.0 0.1 Tercphthalaldehyde, mmoi... 0.25 0.25 1. 0 0.1 Glycolic acid, mmol.. 0.25 0.33 0. 5 0. 1 Carbon dioxide, mmol. 0.25 0. 15 v 0.5 0. 1 Acetophenone, mmol. 0. i0 1. 00 82 15 3 1.0 0.1 Benzil, mmol 0. 25 0. 25 1. 0 0. 1 Polyvinyl acetate, g 0.01 0.17 1.0 0.1 Tartaric acid, mmol 0.25 0.15 1.0 0.1 0.02 0.5 0.1 0. 04

tensile strength at 25C 193 ltg/cm Example 11 2 t fps w 300% a 25 C 182 kg/cfn The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and mlcrostructure P butadene mm of the 7.5 milliliters toluene, 0.1 millimole titanium tetrabrolzgg as follows mide and varying amounts of carbonyl group containf g' ing compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters 6% glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath and varying amounts of triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and The usual. dry, air-free technique was employed and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters 6.5 milliliters toluene, varying amounts of carbonyl liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene wereput suc- Example 9 cessively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, tetrachloride and 0.5 millimole carbonyl group conair-free technique.Thereafter the bottlewas sealed and taining compound were put successively in a 25 milallow d to copolymerize at 30C for 21 hours. The liliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left results are summarized in Table 8. alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was TABLE 8 Alternating copolymer Microstructure of Catalysts butadiene unit,

percent Experiment Al(i-Bu)3 TiBr4 number (mmol.) (mmol.) Carbonyl compound 1.0 1 Benzalacetophenone,mmol 0.25 1.0 0 1 Diketene, mmol 0.25 0.5 0.1 p-Methoxybenzoic acid, 0.10 0.5 0.1 p-Benzoquinone,rrunol 0.10 0. 0. 1 Polymethylmethacrylate, g 0.01

Example 12 held in a low temperature bath at -78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 The usual, y alt-free c q was p y and molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid 75 milliliters {01118116, millimole titanium propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters tetrachloride and varying amounts of carbonyl group toluene were put successively into the bottle also emcontaining compound we pu successively in a ploying the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left th b ttl was al d nd ll wed to copolymerize at alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was 25 3()C f r 16 hours. The results are summarized in held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 1.0 mil- Table l0.

TABLE 10 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, dietllyl ether soluble fraction Catalysts MEK Microstructure of soluble butadiene unit, percent Experiment Aid-Bu); TiClt fraction Yield number (mmol.) (mmoi Carbonyl compound (mmoL) (g.) (g.) Trans- Cis- 1.2-

1 2.0 0.2 Trimethyl acetic acid 0.5 0.42 0.56 2 2.0 0.2 Crotonic acid 0.5 0.20 0.35 68 28 4 3 2.0 0. 2 Trichloro acetic acid 0.5 0.03 0.18 4 2. 0 0. 2 Isobutyric acid anliydride. 0. 5 0.14 1. 29 65 29 6 5 2. 0 0. 2 Crotonic acid anhydride 0. 5 0. 04 0.57 72 23 5 6 2. 0 0. 2 Benzoic acid anhydride 0.5 0.10 0.80 2.0 0.2 n-Butyric acid.. 0.5 0.62 0.80 66 29 7 liliter triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar Example 14 solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, Th usual, d air-free techniquc was l d d 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene 7.0 milliliters toluene, 0.1 millimole titanium were put successively into the bottle also employing the 45 tetrachloride and varying amounts of carbonyl group usual,dry,air-free technique.Thereafter the bottle was containing compound were put successively in a 25 sealed and allowed to copolymerize at -C for 16 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle ,was left hours. The results are summarized in Table 9. alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was TABLE 0 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction Catalysts MEK Microstructure of butasoluble diene unit, percent Experiment Aid-Bu); 'IiClt fraction Yield number (rumoL) (rmnol.) Carbonyl compound (g.) (g.) Trans- Cis- 1.

1.0 0.1 Pl1osgcne,mm0l t. 0.1 0.07 1.0 0.1 tl0 0.2 0.10 1.0 0.1 Acctyl chloride, mmol 0. 25 0.18 1.0 0.1 Titanium oxydiacetylacetonate, g. 0.05 0. 13 1.0 0.1 Zinc carbonate, g 0.05 0.05 1.0 0.1 Sodium carbonate, g 0.05 0.08 1.0 0.1 Dimethyl carbonate, mmo 0.1 0.22

Example 13 held in a low temperature bath at 78C and varying The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and amounts of triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (l 7.5 milliliters toluene, 0.2 milliliter titanium molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid tetrachloride and varying amounts of carbonyl group containing compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was 16 hours at C or 55C. The results are summarized held in a low temperature bath at 78C and varying in Table ll. amounts of organoaluminum solution in toluene (l TABLE 11 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether Polymsoluble fraction erlza- Catalysts tion ME Microstructure of butatempteraf50115)]; Y 1d d1ene unit, percent Ex eriment Al(i-B11) TiCll ure rec 01 1e nllI I lbCl' (mmol3 (11111101.) Carbonyl compound (mm0l.) G.) (g.) (g.) 'Irans- 015- 1.2-

0.5 0.1 Acetophenone 0.1 -55 0.02 0.27 88 8 4 0.5 0.1 do 0.1 0 0.10 0.20 70 2a 7 0.5 0.1 Isobutylaldehyde. 0.1 -55 0.01 0.29 76 20 4 0.5 0.1 .-do 0.1 0 0.14 0.20 02 2s 10 1.0 0.1 Propionic acid anhydride" 0.25 -55 0.01 0.13 81 10 :1 1.0 0.1 do 0.25 0 0.00 1.14 00 27 4 Example molar solution), 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 3.1

t I milliliters 11 1d 4-meth l n ene-l w re ces- The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and y P t 6 p t Suc slvely into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, airvarymg amounts of carbonyl group containing comd f free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and alpound, 6.5 m1ll1l1ters toluene an varying amounts 0 lowed, co 0] meme at 30 C fo 16 ur The titanium tetrachloride were put successively in a r Sun I ugmyarizedhT bl milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left 25 Th l i It a ithl th t th alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was 3 0 9 S PP 8 Cone 11510" 3 e held in a low temperature bathat o and 20 copolymer is an alternating copolymer of butadiene liliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 l l y 'p i f -f h l d molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid Mg l s g 0 h P ymer'accor 8 to propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters 3O f g l g Y 1" f t dh the calcutoluene were put successively into the bottle also emh or e P y 0 lane and ploying the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter met y P the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at The copolyfnfllzanon f 8 111 C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in PQ Y over a wide range ofmmal monomer Table pOSltlOll.

TABLE 12 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl ether soluble fraction Microstructure of Catalysts MEK butadiene unit, solubln percent Experiment Al(i-l$u)1 TiCh Carbonylcompound fraction Yie number (r'nmoL) (mmol.) (mmoL) (g (g.) 'Irans- Cis- 1.2

if 1 2.0 0.2 11010000113 0.10 0.18 0.00 00 2s 0 i1 2 2.0 0.5 Ti(Oi-Ir)2(0CCH-5)1 0.20 0.17 0.15

l i a 2.0 0.5 0 Ti(OCCH3)1 2 0.20 0.32 1.71 03 32 5 "i-Przisopropyl, i Buzisobutyl.

Exam le 16 The I dr f l d d 3. The copolymer1zat1on reactlon glves lzl a] we cc mque f emp W copolymer independently of polymerization time. 7.0 milllllters toluene, O.l mllllmole titanium TABLE 13 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, Catalysts diethyl MEK ether Organonlnnnnnm soluble soluble Expnrnncnt (1011111011110 'IiCh fraction fraction number (11111101.) (11111101.) Carbonyl 0011111011110 (11111101.) (g) 1 Allin 0.5 0.1 Isohntyl21l l0l1y l0 0.10 0 02 0 03 Anm 1.0 0.1 lropionic nciil anhyrh 0. 25 0 05 0.26 Al(i-Bu)1 1.0 0.1 0.25 0.03 0.87 AKi-Buh 0.5 0.1 Ac0topl1c11o11v 0.10 0.06 1.05 Aux-B11); 0.51 0.1 Ac0t0nc. 0.10 0.05 0.31 Al(i-Bu)1 1.0 0. 0.11 0.32 11104311); 0.5 0. 0.02 Eta 0.5 0. 0

Etzethyl, i-Buzisobutyl.

P16. 3 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and 4-methyl-pentene-l prepared by the process of Exp. No. 4. FIG. 4 shows the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the copolymer.

Example 17 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and FIG. 5 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and pentene-l prepared by the process of Exp. No. 5. FIG. 6 shows the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the copolymer.

Example 10 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 7.0 milliliters toluene, 0.1 millimole titanium tetraha- 7.0 milliliters toluene, 0.1 millimole titanium tetrahalide and varying amounts of carbonyl group containing lide and varying amounts of carbonyl group containing compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and varying amounts of ortemperature bath at 78C and varying amounts of organoaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution),2 ganoaluminum compound in toluene (1 molar solumilliliters liquid butadiene and 2.8 milliliters liquid tion), 2'milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters pentene-l were put successively into the bottle also liquid butene-l were put successively into the bottle employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at C for 16 hours. The results are copolymerize at 30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 14. summarized in Table 15.

The following results support the conclusion that the The following results support the conclusion that the copolymer is an alternating copolymer of butadiene 25 copolymer is an alternating copolymer of butadiene and pentene-l. and butene-l.

1. The composition of the copolymer according to 1. The composition of the copolymer according to the NMR analysis substantially agrees with the calcuthe NMR analysis substantially agrees with the calculated value for the 1:1 copolymer of butadiene and penlated value for the 1:1 copolymer of butadiene and butene-l. 3Q tene-l.

2. The copolymerization reaction gives 1:1 2. The copolymerization reaction gives 1:1 copolymer over a wide range of initial monomer comcopolymer over a wide range of initial monomer composition. position.

3. The copolymerization reaction gives 1:1 3. The copolymerization reaction gives 1:1 copolymer independently of polymerization time. copolymer independently of polymerization time.

TABLE 14 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, Catalysts dieth MEk other Organoaluminum Titanium soluble soluble Experiment compound tetrahalide fraction fraction number (mmoL) (mmol.) Carbonyl compound (n1111ol.) (g.) (g.)

.......... AlEta 0.5 TiCl; 0.1 Acetophenone 0.10 0.03 0.06 Ala-Bu); 0.5 TiCl1 0.1 0.10 0.00 1.02 Al(1-Bu)3 0.5 T101. 0.1 Is0b11tylaldel1yde 0.10 0. 03 0.43 Alfi-Bu); 0.5 TiBr; 0.1 0.10 0.01 0.13 'Bu); 1.0 T1011 0.1 Acetic acid 0. 25 0. 0a 0.40

T1011 o001m 1 10110100111) 14.. Al(i-l11)1 1.0 'li(/l1 0 l lropionicacid1111l1y(lri(l1 0. .25 0.01 0.17 Al(ill11);1 1.11 li(Jl1 0 1 lsoluityrleucid :111l1y(lr11l1- 0. '15 0 02 0.10 10.. AHi-lhlh 1.0 'liCl 0 l A((l.l)l1('..1 0.10 0 02 0.70 11 11111-1111). 0.5 T101. 01 0.011 1101 111 11.. 0.5 T101. 0 1 0.0:

'I'1I:1-|.|1 \'l,l-lluzlsulmlyl.

'lAllLP 15 Alternating copolymer MEK MEK soluble msoluble, Catalysts fraction dieth v.. E E. ether 'litunium soluble l'lxpl-rinwnt ()rgmumlu111i1111111 tvtrulmlido fraction 1111111001 0011111011110 (11111101.) (11111101.) Carbonyl cmnpound (11111101).

AlEtn 0.5 T1011 0.1 Acet0pl1011o110. 0.10 0.00 0.15 Al(1-Bu).1 0.5 T1011 0.1 Is0butylald0hyd0. 0.10 0.06 0.26 AlQ-Bu); 1.0 TiC11 0.1 Isoamyl acetate 0.25 0.04 0.14 Al(1-Bu).1 0.5 'IiCh 0.1 Benzophenonm. 0.10 0.04 0.70 Al(1-Bu).-1 1.0 TiBn 0.1 Acetic acid" 0.25 0.08 0.11 1110-1311); 1.0 T1811 0.1 0.25 0.03 0.05 1110-1111 0.5 T1131. 0.1 0.10 0. 5 1.20 1110-1311); 0.5 T1011 0.1 0.03 A1Et1 0.5 T1011 0.1 0

FIG. 7 shows the infra-red spectrum of the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and butene-l prepared by the process of Exp. No. 4. FIG. 8 shows the nuclear compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and varying amounts of magnetic resonance spectrum of the copolymer. triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and 6 milliliters liquid B-B fraction were put Example 19 successively into the bottle also employing the usual, The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and techmque Tlllereafler the ff was 5.0 milliliters toluene, 0.1 millimole titanium tetraha- Sea ed and 9" to copo ymenze -30 C for 24 lide and varying amounts of carbonyl group containing Altflnatmg copolyTer 9 l l nfcompound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass 1 was obtamed' h ts are sufnmanzed m Tab 6 bottle at The the bottle was left alone at 17. The mole fraction of 8-43 fraction used was as folfor 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low lows: temperature bath at 78C and varying amounts of organoaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution), 3 $88??? 8-8; milliliters styrene and 2 milliliters liquid butadiene methyl acetylene 0.69 were put successively into the bottle also employing'the wbmane 052 l d f t h Th f h b l n-butane 3.67 usua ry, airree ec nique. erea tert e ott e was isobutylene 2622 sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 21 butene-l l4.18 hours. The results are summarized in Table 16. llans'bmene'z c1s-butene-2 4.12 The following results support the conclusion that the 1.3-butadiene 44.02 co 0] mer is n alt n tin o l r f n l-z-butadiene 052 g ty a er a g c p0 yme o butad1e e ,elhylacetylene 0.16 an S yrene' vinyl acetylene 0.64

TABLE 11 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble diethyl Catalysts MEK other soluble soluble. Experiment Aid-Bu); 'IiCh Carhonyloompountl fraction fraction number (mm0l.) (nlmoL) (mmoL) I (g.)

1 1.0 0.2 Ac0toph0nono. 0.2 0.14 0.02

i 2 2.0 0.2 TiC1;(OCCH3) 0.2 0.10 0.50

l. The composition of the copolymer according to Example 21 the NMR analysis substantially agrees with the calculated value for the 1:1 copolymer of butadiene and 40 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and styrene. 7.0 milliliters toluene, 1.0 milliliter triisobutylalu- 2. The copolymerization reaction gives 1:1 minum solution in toluene (1 molar solution), 0.25 milcopolymer over a wide range of initial monomer comlimole propionic acid anhydride, 0.1 millimole titanium position. tetrachloride and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid 3. The copolymerization reaction gives 1:1 propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters copolymer independently of polymerization time. toluene were put successively into a 25 milliliters glass TABLE 16 Catalysts Alter- Organoaluminum Titanium mating Experiment Compound tetrahalide copolynumber (mmol.) (mm01.) Carbonyl compound (mmo1.) mer (g.)

1 A1 (i-Bu); 1.0 T1014 0.1 0. 03

2 Aid-Bu); 0.5 T1014 0.1 Acetic acid 0.10 0. 05

' 0.5 T1014 0.1 Propionicacid anhydride.. 0.10 0.05

1.0 T1014 0.1 do 0.25 0.22

0.5 TiBr; 0.1 Terephthal aldehyde 0.10 0.11

0.5 TiBn 0,1 Propionicacidanyhdride" 0.10 0.04

s A1(i-Bu) 1.0 T1014 0.1 H 0.10 0. 3s

TiCla(OCCHa) Ref AlEt; 0.5 TiCh 0.1 0

Example 20 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 4.0 milliliters toluene, 0.2 millimole titanium tetrachloride and 0.2 millimole carbonyl containing bottle at 78C. Then the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at C for 15 hours. The yield of the alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.13 g.

Example 22 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 1.0 millimole butadiene, 0.25 millimole propionic acid anhydride and 0.1 millimole titanium tetrachloride were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and milliliter triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for hours. The yield of the alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.65 g and the microstructure of butadiene unit of the copolymer was as follows:

trans 70% cis 22% Example 23 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene, 0.18 millimole titanium tetrachloride, 0.6 milliliter of triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and 0.12 millimole acetophenone were put successively at intervals of 10 minutes into a milliliters glass bottle at 78C. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 40C for 4.5 hours. The yield of the alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.60 g and the microstructure of butadiene unit of the copolymer was as follows:

trans 92% cis 6% Example 24 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene, 0.18 millimole titanium tetrachloride, 0.12 millimole acetophenone and 0.6 milliliter triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively at intervals of 10 minutes into a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 78C. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 40C for 4.5 hours. The yield of the alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 1.05 g and the microstructure of butadiene unit of the copolymer was as follows:

trans 91% Example 25 Example 26 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters toluene, 0.12 mil1imole acetophenone, 0.18 millimole titanium tetrachloride and 0.6 milliliter triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively at intervals of 10 minutes into a 25 milliliter s glass bottle at 78C. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 40C for 4.5 hours. The yield of the alternating copolymer of hutadiene and propylene was 1.06 g.

Example 27 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 0.05 g metal oxide or metalloid oxide, 6.5 milliliters toluene, 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and 0.5 millimole carbonyl group containing compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 18. As can be seen in Table 18, the yield of the high molecular weight alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene increased by adding metal oxide or metalloid oxide to the three components catalyst ClS 7% system of organoalummum compound, titanium 1.2 2% tetrahalide and carbonyl compound.

TABLE 18 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl Catalysts MEK ether soluble soluble Experiment Al(i-Bu)1 TiC Metal oxide or metalloid 11 action fraction number (1nn10l.) (mmel Carbonyl compound (11111101.) oxide (gm) 2. 0 0. 2 ll'lonot-hloroacctic acid 0. 5 Titanium dioxide. 0. 05 0.23 *0. 82

2.11 0.2 (l0 0.5 0.17 0.20 2. 0 U. 2 Ethyl acetate- 0. 5 Alumina 0. 05 0.17 O. 48 2.0 0.2 (lo 0.5 0.09 0.14 2. 0 0. 2 0. 0.23 0. 56 2. 0 0. 2 0. 0. 22 0. 15 2.0 0.2 do 0. 0.08 0.04 2. 0 0. 2 lienzophenone 0. 5 Zirconium dioxide. 0. 05 1. 48 0.67 2.0 0.2 J10 0.5.... 0.23 0.47 2. 0 U. 5 Titanium dioxide U. 05 02 1 0. 22 2.0 0. 5 0.2 1 U. 121 2.0 U. 5 \launwll u. 015 11,11 u 11;! 2. 0 11;,

Bntarlienc mic-restructure: transzT3y'Z, 015127,, 1.25%.

Example 28 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and al-v lowed to copolymerize at -30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 19.

As can be seen in Table 19, the yield of the high molecular weight alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was increased by adding halogen or halogen compound to the three components catalyst system of organoaluminum compound, titanium tetrachloride and carbonyl compound.

TABLE 19 i ploying the conventional, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 16 hours. The yield of methyl ethyl ketone soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.18 g and that of methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble fraction, i.e. alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.74 g. When the three components catalyst system consisting of triisobutylaluminum, titanium tetrachloride and isobutylaldehyde was used and the other copolymerization conditions were the same as those in this Example, the yield of the high molecular weight alternating copolymer was 0.47 g.

Example 30 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and varying amounts of toluene, 1.0 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene ,1 molar solution) and varying amounts of halogen or halogen compound were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and varying amounts of organoalu- Catalysts Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble. diethyl MEK other I soluble soluble Experiment A1(1- u); T1011 Carbonyl compound Halogen or halogen compound fraction fraction number (mmoL) (1nmol.) 1n1ol.) (n'imoL) (g.) (g.)

2.0 0. 2 Benzophenonm 0.5 Stannic chloride 0. 2 0. 16 O. 79 2.0 0.2 ....do 0.5 0.23 0.57 2.0 0. 2 Benzoyl peroxide 0.5 Tert-butyl chloride- 0.12 0.25 2.0 0.2 d 0.5 0.11 0.20 2. O. 2 0. 5 Ethylaluminuin dichlor 0. 0. 54 2. 0 0. 2 0. 5 0. 09 0.14 2. 0 0. 2 0.5 Aluminum bromide... 0. 00 0. 13 2.0 0.2 0.5 0.08 0.04 5 2.0 0.2 0.5 AlClTOKJzHs): 0 0.18 0.40 Ref 5 2.0 0.2 0 0.5 0.24 0.13 6 2.0 0. 2 Benzophenone- 0. 5 Iodine 0. 2 0.15 0. 67

*Butadicno microstructure; trans:67%, cis:%, 1.2:8%.

Example 29 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 6.0 milliliters toluene, 0.5 millimole isobutyl aldehyde, 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and 0.2 millimole boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 100C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also emminum compound in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 20. As can be seen in Table 20, by adding halogen or halogen compound to the two components catalyst system consisting of organoaluminum compound and titanium tetrahalide, the yield of the alternating copolymer increased. Ref. 1 also shows that when the molar ratio of triisobutylaluminum to titanium tetrachloride is 1.5 (Al/Ti 1.5) no alternating copolymer can be obtained.

TABLE 20 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, diethyl Catalysts MEK ether Diluent soluble soluble Expernnent Organoaluminum T1Cli toluene fraction fraction number compound (n1mo1.) (mmoL) Halogen or halogen compound (mmoL) (1111.)

1 Al(i-Bu);1 2.5 1.0 5 0 0.09 2 Al(i-Bu)3 2.5 1.0 Chromium (VI) oxyehloride. 5 0.40 1.00 3 Aid-Bu); 2.5 1.0 Vanadium (v) oxychloride 4 0.80 0.58 4 11104311); 2. 5 1. 0 Ter-t-butyl eh loride 5 0. 10 0. 14 5 Al(i-Bu)1 2.5 1.0 Bromine 5 0.08. 0.34 R01. 1 Al(i Bu) 1. 5 l. 5 0 0 R01. AlEts 2.5 1. 5 0 0 H0123 AlEta 1.5 1. 5 0 0 Example 31 The conventional, dry, air-free technique was employed and 5.0 milliliters toluene, 1.0 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and 1.2 millimoles chromium (Vl) oxychloride were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0

milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at 30C for 39 hours. The results are summarized in Table 22.

bath at 78C and 2.5 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution), 3 milliliters styrene and 2 milliliters liquid butadiene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at -30C for 16 hours. The yield of alternating copolymer of butadiene and styrene was 0.53 g.

Example 32 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 0.5 millimole halogen compound, 6.5 milliliters toluene and 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triisobutylaluminum solution in toluene (1 molar solution) and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters liquid toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at -C for 16 hours. The results are summarized in Table 21.

Example 34 The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 0.5 millimole bismuth (lll) chloride diethyl ether com plex, 6.5 milliliters toluene and 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C.f0r 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle was held in a low temperature bath at 78C and 2.0 milliliters triethylaluminum solution in toluene and a mixture of 2 milliliters liquid propylene, 2 milliliters liquid butadiene and 2 milliliters toluene were put successively into the bottle also employing the usual, dry, air-free technique. Thereafter the bottle was sealed and allowed to copolymerize at -30C for 16 hours. The yield of methyl ethyl ketone soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.05 g and methyl ethyl ketone insoluble and diethyl ether soluble alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was 0.11 g. By using two components catalyst system of triethylaluminum and titanium tetrachloride, no alternating copolymer of butadiene and propylene was obtained.

What we claim is:

1. A process for preparing a 1:1 copolymer of butadiene and an alpha-olefine having alternating bu- TABLE 21 Alternating copolymer MEK insoluble, Catalysts MEK diethyl soluble soluble Experiment Al(i-Bu)3 TiClt Halogen compound fraction fraction number (mmol (mmol.) (mmol.)

2. 0 0. 2 BFa-OEt2 0. 5 0.12 0.28 2.0 0. 2 AlCla-OEtz 0. 5 0. 07 0.12 2. 0 0. 2 ZnClTPy 0. 5 0.10 0. 08 2. 0 0. 2 VOCla-OEL: 0. 5 0. 0. 2.0 0.2 NiIg-Py 0.5 0.05 0.15 2. 0 0. 2 FeCla-OFL l). 5 0.11 (l. 21 2.0 0.1 llgC'lz-ly 0.6 0.05 0.11 2.0 0.1 Cu Cl -ly 0.5 0.04 0.12 2.0 0.1 0 0.03

* lfitwtlryl, lymyridino.

Exam ple 3 3 tadiene and alpha-olefine units, said alpha-olefin hav- The usual, dry, air-free technique was employed and 0.5 millimole halogen compound, 6.5 milliliters toluene and 0.2 milliliter titanium tetrachloride solution in toluene (1 molar solution) were put successively in a 25 milliliters glass bottle at 25C. Then the bottle was left alone at 25C for 10 minutes. Thereafter the bottle of AIR, wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of an alkyl radical, an aryl radical and a cycloalkyl radical and at least one R is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl radical having at least three carbon atoms, an aryl radical and a cycloalkyl radical and a second component of titanium tetrahalide having the general formula TiX' wherein X is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine, wherein the molar ratio of said organoaluminum compound to said titanium tetrahalide is from greater than 1.5 to 20 and wherein sad catalyst system is formed by contacting said organoaluminum compound and said titanium tetrahalide at a temperature of about 78C.

2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst system contains a halogen or a halogen compound as a third component.

3. A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein said third component is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, a compound having transition metal-X' linkage, an alkane compound having C X linkage, anda Lewis acid-base complex of a halogen compound having Lewis acid property and a Lewis base compound, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine.

4. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the copolymerization reaction is carried out in the presence ofa hydrocarbon diluent.

5. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of butadiene to a-olefine in the initial monomer composition is within the range from 20:80 to :20.

6. A process as claimed in claim 5,- wherein the molar ratio of butadiene to a-olefine in the initial monomer composition is substantially 50:50.

7. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymerization temperature is within a range fro to +50C. I

8. A l:l copolymer of butadiene and an alpha-olefin having alternating butadiene and alpha-olefin units, aid. lRliP-Qkfi ha i st 5- 7 sensralnttqrmula CH CHR, wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of a phenyl radical and a C to C normal or branched chain alkyl radical, and wherein there is from about 6 to about 38 perbutadiene units combined in said copolymer. 

1. A process for preparing a 1:1 copolymer of butadiene and an alpha-olefine having alternating butadiene and alpha-olefine units, said alpha-olefin having the general formula of CH2 CHR'' wherein R'' represents a phenyl radical or a C1 to C4 normal or branched chain alkyl radical, which comprises contacting butadiene and the alpha-olefine in liquid phase with a catalyst system comprising a first component of an organoaluminum compound having the general formula of AlR3 wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of an alkyl radical, an aryl radical and a cycloalkyl radical and at least one R is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl radical having at least three carbon atoms, an aryl radical and a cycloalkyl radical and a second component of titanium tetrahalide having the general formula TiX''4 wherein X'' is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine, wherein the molar ratio of said organoaluminum compound to said titanium tetrahalide is from greater than 1.5 to 20 and wherein sad catalyst system is formed by contacting said organoaluminum compound and said titanium tetrahalide at a temperature of about -78*C.
 2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst system contains a halogen or a halogen compound as a third component.
 3. A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein said third component is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, a compound having transition metal-X'' linkage, an alkane compound having C-X'' linkage, and a Lewis acid-base complex of a halogen compound having Lewis acid property and a Lewis base compound, wherein X'' is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine.
 4. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the copolymerization reaction is carried out in the presence of a hydrocarbon diluent.
 5. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of butadiene to Alpha -olefine in the initial monomer composition is within the range from 20:80 to 80:20.
 6. A process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the molar ratio of butadiene to Alpha -olefine in the initial monomer composition is substantially 50:50.
 7. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymerization temperature is within a range from -100* to +50*C. 